You could try a program called Cheat Engine:
http://www.cheatengine.org/
I found that when I was just starting off, this kind of covers all of the basics. Plus is comes with it's own tutorial. But you really should check out some ASM before you start.
But if you belive in learning by doing, then just download it and start useing it like an idiot. Thats what I did and I learned alot!!!!!!

But seriously, try the tutorial.
If you are wondering about debuggers, Cheat Engine is the only USER FREIDLY program that I could find that has a kernal debugger. Sure the debugger in Tsearch is ok, but a kernal debugger is even better. (It makes it possible to train games like Rome Total War which don't like debuggers!)
dragonx